States parties and signatories by region the convention. Convention on cluster munitions international treaty. Cluster munitions have been used during 2015 in libya, sudan, syria, ukraine, and yemen, causing unacceptable harm to civilians, human rights watch said. Article 1 general obligations and scope of application 1. Documents from the process on cluster munitions the. The convention on cluster munitions and the evolution of international humanitarian law bonnie docherty human rights quarterly, volume 31, number 4, november 2009, pp.
Cluster munitions do not distinguish between civilians and combatants and can leave behind unexploded ordnance which can harm civilians and be detrimental to economic and social development for decades after use. A guide to cluster munitions geneva international centre. The convention on cluster munitions prohibits all use, production, stockpiling, and transfer of cluster munitions. Dod policy on cluster munitions and unintended harm to. Convention on cluster munitions enters into force for the uk foreign office minister alistair burt welcomed the conventions entry into force in a statement.
In may 2008, 107 states concluded an international treaty prohibiting these weapons. Such munitions are effective against targets that do not have fixed locations, such as enemy soldiers or vehicles, and also against precise positions, such as airfields and missile sites. This type of ordnance, which can be delivered by several means,18 consists of a container that releases submunitions, or bomblets, while in flight. Cluster munitions are now part of the category of prohibited weapons in swiss law as it was already the case for nuclear, biological and chemical weapons as well as for antipersonnel mines. Convention on cluster munitions the issues monitor. The convention on cluster munitions ccm categorically bans the use, production, stockpiling and. Convention on cluster munitions how is convention on. They are documented to have caused significant civilian deaths and injuries and have. Treaties, states parties, and commentaries convention on. Implementing the convention on cluster munitions human. Using the 2008 convention on cluster munitions as its principal frame of reference, the report covers global trends in ban policy, survey and clearance of cluster munition remnants, cluster munition casualties, and efforts to guarantee the rights and meet the needs of cluster munition victims. The convention on cluster munitions is a response to the suffering caused by cluster munitions, which have killed and injured many thousands of civilians in countries where they have been used.
The obama administration is under pressure to join the convention on cluster munitions ccm, a flawed treaty that would ban all cluster munitions in the u. The convention is the result of the osloprocess, a diplomatic process that included states, civil society, the international committee of the red cross as. Why cluster munitions must be replaced war on the rocks. Convention on cluster munitions where global solutions. The role of ngo activism in the implementation of the. Permission is granted to copy, distribute andor modify this document under the terms of the gnu free documentation license, version 1. The humanitarian objection to cluster munitions therefore arises mainly from two properties of this class of weapons. Background and issues for congress congressional research service summary cluster munitions are airdropped or groundlaunched weapons that release a number of smaller submunitions intended to kill enemy personnel or destroy vehicles. The convention on cluster munitions entered into force for switzerland on 1st january 20. In addition, it establishes a framework for cooperation and assistance to ensure adequate assistance to survivors and. As more countries join the convention on cluster munitions and take measures to end the threat cluster munitions pose, we are progressing toward a world free of these inhumane. The convention was formally endorsed on 30 may 2008 in dublin, ireland, and is due to be signed in oslo in december. To maximize the global cluster munition treatys impact, all countries should adopt national.
The convention on cluster munitions was adopted by 107 countries on 30 may 2008 in dublin, ireland. Dublin, 30 may 2008 the convention was ratified by the united kingdom on the 4 may 2010 and entered into force for the united kingdom on the 1 november 2010 presented to parliament by the secretary of state for foreign and commonwealth affairs by command of her majesty august 2011. Concerned that cluster munition remnants kill or maim civilians. The convention on cluster munitions ccm is an international treaty that prohibits the use, transfer, and stockpiling of cluster bombs, a type of explosive weapon which scatters submunitions bomblets over an area. Convention on cluster munitions arms control association. Form c cluster munitions retained or transferred article 3. More than onequarter of the states parties to the convention on cluster munitions have adopted national implementation legislation, but much work remains to be done in this area.
This guide to cluster munitions provides practical information to those engaged in addressing the impact of unexploded cluster munitions on civilians. Each state party undertakes never under any circumstances to. Cluster munitions, which by design deliver submunitions over a wide area, are a speci. The convention on cluster munitions ccm bans the use, production. Will keep older cluster munitions, a weapon banned by 102 nations members of the south korean air force prepared to load cluster bombs onto a. Convention on cluster munitions, ccm 77, 30 may 2008 excerpt.
The negotiators rejected proposals for broad exceptions from the ban and for a transition period during which cluster munitions could still be. The strength of the treaty is largely due to the prohibition on cluster munitions as an entire category of weapons. It opened for signature on 3 december 2008, and entered into force on 1 august 2010. The convention on cluster munitions is a historic achievement. Convention on cluster munitions legislation for common law states on the 2008 convention on cluster munitions. The role of ngo activism in the implementation of the convention on cluster munitions thomas nash thomas nash joined the international cluster munition coalition cmc in early 2004 and has served as coordinator throughout the successful global campaign to. Should not join the convention on cluster munitions. It not only includes a chapter on the content of the convention and one on stockpile destructiona signi.
Top gear ep 10 season 6 streetfire part 21 yeti sports 10 download norton internet security mac torrent exponential equations exercises pdf download egypt map for sygic hijos triunfadores nancy van pelt pdf sunken gardens farmington ct patch nbilly goats gruff story audio audiobooks nconvention on cluster munitions pdf satellite of love lou. Convention on cluster munitions, 30 may 2008 the states parties to this convention, deeply concernedthat civilian populations and individual civilians continue to bear the brunt of armed conflict. The convention became binding international law when it entered into force on 1 august. Cluster munitions definition of cluster munitions by the. Kerr analyst in nonproliferation september 16, 2010 congressional research service 75700. Cluster munitions synonyms, cluster munitions pronunciation, cluster munitions translation, english dictionary definition of cluster munitions. The convention was adopted on 30 may 2008 in dublin, and was opened for signature on 3 december 2008 in oslo. The cluster munition coalition cmc is an international civil society movement campaigning against the use, production, stockpiling and transfer of cluster munitions. The convention on cluster munitions was concluded by the dublin diplomatic conference on cluster munitions at dublin on 30 may 2008. First is the fact that whatever legitimate role cluster munitions may be applied to, their nature and characteristics lend themselves so easily to. Cluster munitions target an area rather than a single point. These historic events marked the coming into existence of a new international legal instrument and the conclusion of the oslo process. Cluster munitions, antipersonnel landmines, the army tactical missile system, the a10 warthog, are all designed for use against conventional military powers, and they are all disappearing from the u.
Convention text the convention on cluster munitions. The 2008 convention on cluster munitions obliges states parties to enact national laws. A projectile that, when dropped from an aircraft or fired through the air, releases explosive fragments over a wide area. The military departments and combatant commands will maintain a robust stockpile surveillance program to ensure operational quality and reliability of cluster munitions. Will keep older cluster munitions, a weapon banned by. Cluster munitions article about cluster munitions by the. Such a report shall be prepared for each year during. Background and issues for congress andrew feickert specialist in military ground forces paul k. A guide to cluster munitions the convention on cluster. The convention on cluster munitions ccm prohibits all use, stockpiling, production and transfer of cluster munitions. Convention on cluster munitions, international treaty, adopted by more than 100 countries on may 30, 2008, that prohibited the manufacture, transfer, and use of cluster munitions. Convention on cluster munitions enters into force for the. Italian ministry of foreign affairs and international cooperation.
The process aimed at creating an international treaty to prohibit cluster munitions that cause unacceptable suffering to civilians. Cluster munitions are characterized as bombs or shells that consist of an outer casing that houses dozens, or even hundreds, of smaller submunitions. The convention on cluster munitions the ccm is the. The convention on cluster munitions bans all use, production, transfer and stockpiling of cluster munitions.
After decades of seeing civilians suffer with each new use of cluster munitions, and in the face of an inadequate response in other fora, norway launched the oslo process on cluster munitions in february 2007 by inviting governments supporting the development of new rules on cluster munitions to a conference in oslo. The convention was formally endorsed on 30 may 2008. Worldwide investments in cluster munitions a shared. States parties retaining, acquiring or transferring cluster munitions or explosive submunitions for the purposes described in paragraphs 6 and 7 of this article shall submit a detailed report on the planned and actual use of. Convention on cluster munitions reporting formats for article 7 of the convention on cluster munitions state party. Cluster munitions used in 5 countries in 2015 human. Cluster bombs are banned under the convention on cluster munitions ccm, an international treaty that addresses the humanitarian consequences and unacceptable harm caused to civilians by cluster munitions through a categorical prohibition and a framework for action. The convention on cluster munitions ccm is an international treaty that prohibits the use.
United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland national points of contact organization, telephones, fax, email. Convention on cluster munitions and mine ban treaty respectively. Full text of cluster munitions see other formats congressional research service cluster munitions. Convention on cluster munitions wikisource, the free. The convention on cluster munitions the ccm is the international treaty of more than 100 states that addresses the humanitarian consequences and unacceptable harm caused to civilians by cluster munitions, through a categorical prohibition and a framework for action. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled gnu free documentation license. Updates of the report appeared in april 2010, may 2011, june 2012, december 20, november 2014 and june 2016. The convention on cluster munitions is an international treaty that restricts the use of cluster bombs, a type of weapon in which a primary munition scatters many submunitions bomblets.
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