Nbook of process control systems to cyber physical attacks

Oct 03, 2017 cyber attacks in particular can sabotage the control of major industrial security systems, or even cause property damage. Pdf cyberphysical systems in industrial process control. So it is difficult to model cyber physical system and to analyze its properties. Various vulnerabilities, threats, attacks, and controls have been introduced for the new generation of cps.

These ows carry real physical and cyber properties such as mechanical, electrical, thermal energy, and data. Analyzing cyber physical attacks on networked industrial control systems bela genge, igor nai fovino, christos siaterlis and marcelo masera abstract considerable research has focused on securing scada systems and protocols, but an e. Cyberphysical systems an overview sciencedirect topics. Cyber physical systems cps, isolation and reconstruction of cyber attacks, as well as the design of attack resilient controls, are currently the focus of many industrial and academic research projects. The world of cyberphysical systems and the rising risk of cyber kinetic attacks. In cyber physical systems, physical and software components are deeply intertwined, able to operate on different spatial and temporal scales, exhibit multiple and distinct behavioral modalities, and interact with each other in ways that change with context. Oct 11, 2016 access management cyber security news physical cyber is your access control system a gateway for hackers. On the effect of jaming attacks on cyber physical systems with the focus on target tracking applications by emad guirguis, b. Fedvte cyber risk management for technicians flashcards. Therefore networked control system security needs to consider the existing threats at both the cyber and physical. Security of industrial control systems and cyber physical systems. Think about someone taking control of your car while youre driving. Attribution of cyber attacks on process control systems je.

University of california, berkeley abstract in this position paper we investigate the security of cyberphysical systems. Analysis and design of networked control systems under attacks. Is your access control system a gateway for hackers. Cyber physical system cps is a system where cyber and physical components work in a complex coordination to provide better performance. Motivated by existing cyber physical systems and proposed attack scenarios, we model a cyber physical system under attack as a descriptor system subject to unknown inputs affecting the state and the measurements. Just as the internet transformed how humans interact with one another, cyber physical systems will transform how we interact with the physical world. Communications and controls are of key importance for maintaining and stabilizing the operation of the physical dynamics in these. Cyber computation, communication, and control that are discrete, logical, and switched physical natural and humanmade systems governed by the laws of physics and operating in continuous time cyberphysical systems systems in which the cyber and physical systems are tightly integrated at all scales and levels. Security issues and challenges for cyber physical system. The book, which contains a few color illustrations, includes. With that being said, there is a lot that must be done to ensure physical damage from cyber attacks is never underestimated. Cyber physical systems in industrial process control. Or, someone hacking into a drone and taking control. In order to enhance the security of an process control systems from a system perspective, secure.

A survey of physicsbased attack detection in cyber. The future of human intheloop cyberphysical systems. This book offers chapters on ics cyber threats, attacks, metrics, risk. Potential impact on ics components following cyber attacks. As the ieee describes it, in contrast to cyber security, the goal of cyber physical security is. Texas state universitysan marcos may 2012 supervising professor. Functions interact with each other through energy, material, and signal ows. A runtime prediction using a linear model of the physical plant and a neuralnetwork based classi er trigger mechanism are proposed for preemptive detection of an attack.

From the control system, file shares and dns via the enterprise can connect to the internet, but that is not historically what the term cyber has implied. Theory, design and applications in smart grids li, husheng on. Due to the crucial role of cyberphysical systems in everyday life, cyberphysical security needs to be promptly addressed. A growing invisible threat presents the growing list of harmful uses of computers and their ability to disable cameras, turn off a buildings lights, make a car veer off the road, or a drone land in enemy hands.

Pcs process control system pin personal identification number plc programmable logic controller. Unifying control and verification of cyberphysical systems. The book explores how attacks using computers affect the physical world in. Trustworthy embedded computing for cyberphysical control lee.

Cyber attacks in particular can sabotage the control of major industrial security systems, or even cause property damage. The integration of computation, communication, and control units has led to the birth and rapid development of a new generation of engineering systems, the cyber physical systems cps, which have been increasingly used in fields ranging from aerospace, automobile, industrial process control, to energy, healthcare. Theory, design and applications in smart grids provides readers with all they need to know about cyber physical systems cpss, such as smart grids, which have attracted intensive studies in recent years. A physical security system is a system designed to deny unauthorized access to facilities, equipment and resources and to protect personnel and property from damage or harm such as espionage, theft, or terrorist attacks. The world congress on industrial control systems security wcicss2020 is a meeting point for professionals and researchers, it security professionals, managers, developers, educators, vendors and service providers who are involved in development, integration, assessment, implementation, and operation of industrial cybersecurity technologies. Cyber physical systems cps are physical and engineered systems whose operations are monitored, coordinated, controlled and integrated by a computing and communication core. Controltheoretic methods for cyberphysical security. Attribution of cyber attacks on process control systems.

With access control systems being prime entry points to hacking it and ot systems, security professionals need to stress protecting security systems. Enhanching security in the future cyber physical systems. Its mission was to derail the uranium enrichment process at irans natanz nuclear facility by. Besides failures and attacks on the physical infrastructure, cyberphysical systems are also prone to cyber attacks on their data management and communication layer. Abstractthe water sector is facing emerging challenges, as cyber physical threats target supervisory control and data acquisition scada systems of water utilities. How industrial security threats are becoming more surgical. Additionally, this chapter will describe the various categories of attackers who are the common perpetrators of a cyber attack as well as their motives for doing so and what their end game may be. This book adopts a systematic view of the control systems in cyber physical systems including the security control of the optimal control system, security control of the noncooperative game system, quantify the impact of the denialofservice attacks on the optimal control system, and the adaptive security control of the networked control systems. A special interest organization has been set up in u. Thus, existing functional models naturally leak information that can be used to attack the system via the signal. Two main abstractions of cyber physical systems as shown in figure 1, cps can be seen as a family of control systems related to the domain of embedded sensor and actuator networks 2, thus close relative of process control systems pcs and of supervisory control and data acquisition scada systems. Are you aware of the threats to your physical security system.

The most essential difference between information technology it and industrial control systems ics is that icss are cyberphysical systems cps and th. Cybersecurity of scada and other industrial control systems. We discuss three key challenges for securing cyberphysical systems. Cyber physical systems cps for short combine digital and analog devices, interfaces, networks, computer systems. Towards distinguishing between cyber attacks and faults in cyber physical systems by aaron william werth thesis submitted to the faculty of the graduate school of vanderbilt university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in electrical engineering may, 2014 nashville, tennessee approved. Cyberphysical systems security a survey abdulmalik humayed, jingqiang lin, fengjun li, and bo luo abstractwith the exponential growth of cyber physical systems cps, new security challenges have emerged. Managing manufacturing cybersecurity pharmaceutical. Control systems securityinternational audiencethis paper introduces a new problem formulation for assessing the vulnerabilities of process control systems.

Resilience of process control systems to cyberphysical attacks. Knapp, joel thomas langill industrial network security. Start studying fedvte cyber risk management for technicians. Scada systems collect data from remote facilities about the state of the physical process and send commands to control the physical process creating a feedback control loop. Since a successful cyber attack is a multistage process, detection requires.

Every effect listed below may be felt by a targets internal, as well as external, clientele. Timing of cyberphysical attacks on process control systems. Analyzing cyberphysical attacks on networked industrial. Monitoring the physics of cyber physical systems to detect attacks is a growing area of research. Cyberphysical attacks guide books acm digital library. Physical separation between corporate and control domains has, traditionally, provided the primary means. The aim of this paper is to analyse and classify existing research papers on the security of cyber physical systems. Sep 29, 2015 to discuss the state of industrial cyber security and how to best advance it, look ahead interviewed ralph langner, founder of the langner group and a cyber security expert specialising in industrial control systems. A networked cyber physical system instances of attacks on industrial control systems ics. They are also used in largescale industrial control systems icss. A survey on concepts, applications, and challenges in. Incidents such as the maroochyshire attack, where the system is compromised not as a.

Trustworthy embedded computing for cyberphysical control. Special issue on secure control of cyber physical systems. Ensuring the information security of cyber physical systems is one of the most complex problems in a wide range of defenses against cyber attacks. Design methodologies for securing cyberphysical systems. Cyberphysical attackoriented industrial control systems ics. Indeed, due to the connectivity of modern physical systems, they are more and more subject to malicious intrusions and attacks. Example cpcs can be found in selfdriving automobiles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and other autonomous systems. Access management cyber security news physical cyber is your access control system a gateway for hackers. These services are suited for process control systems used in the pharma industry, such as siemens simatic pcs7 or similar environments, says kunz. Cyber physical vulnerabilities in manufacturing processes. In essence, it details the ways cyberphysical attacks are replacing physical attacks in crime, warfare, and terrorism. If this monitoring detects cyber threats, experts issue a warning and coordinate countermeasures.

Cardenas, resilience of process control systems to cyber physical attacks, proceedings of the eighteenth nordic conference on secure it systems, pp. Communications for control in cyber physical systems 1st. Communications for control in cyber physical systems. Resilience of process control systems to cyberphysical. Attack models and scenarios for networked control systems. As the sophistication of cyberattacks increases, understanding how to defend critical. Request pdf cyberphysical attacks on industrial control systems being an area of. Attack detection and identification in cyberphysical systems article in ieee transactions on automatic control 5811. The world of cyberphysical systems and the rising risk of. An attacker is a person or process that attempts to access data. Therefore networked control system security needs to consider the existing threats at both the cyber and physical layers.

Communications and controls in cyber physical systems. In particular, it considers an adversary who has compromised sensor signals and has to decide on the best time to launch an attack. Oct 09, 2015 special issue on secure control of cyber physical systems. Unifying control and verification of cyberphysical systems uncovercps mission cyberphysical systems are very hard to control and verify because of the mix of discrete dynamics originating from computing elements and continuous dynamics originating from physical elements. Cyberphysical systems and their security issues sciencedirect. In particular, we investigate the impact of integrity and dos attacks on sensors which measure physical phenomena. The physical process involved may be a natural phenomenon e. Part of the lecture notes in computer science book series lncs, volume 8208. Take the time to consider the types of threats that your organization would face should an unwanted party gain access to your physical security system. Towards distinguishing between cyberattacks and faults in cyber physical systems by aaron william werth thesis submitted to the faculty of the graduate school of vanderbilt university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in electrical engineering may, 2014 nashville, tennessee approved. Trustworthy embedded computing for cyberphysical control lee wilmoth lerner abstract a cyber physical controller cpc uses computing to control a physical process. Cyber physical systems have permeated modern society becoming prevalent in many domains including energy production, health. We provide an empirical analysis of the well known tennessee eastman process control challenge problem to gain insights into the behavior of a physical process when confronted with cyber physical attacks. An attacker would need to have some knowledge of the control systems running in the plant and how the process.

Lastly, this chapter will present examples of past and more recent realworld cyber attacks to illustrate the progression of the cyber attack process. Cardenas, resilience of process control systems to cyberphysical attacks, proceedings of the eighteenth nordic conference on secure it systems, pp. Accountability is key to securing control systems focus on detecting attacks preliminary ideas on responsibilityassignment, corrective measures causal information flow analysis will enable a unified foundation for accountability in control systems 9 joint work with kar, sinopoli, weerakkody at cmu technical paper on arxiv. What are the cybersecurity threats to a physical security system. As figure 1 shows, a typical hilcps consists of a loop involv ing a human, an embedded system the cyber component, and the physical environment.

Trustworthy embedded computing for cyber physical control lee wilmoth lerner abstract a cyber physical controller cpc uses computing to control a physical process. In its basic form, a security monitor creates timeseries models of sensor readings for an industrial control system and identifies anomalies in these measurements to identify potentially false control commands or false sensor readings. In a networked environment, the security of the physical machines depends on the security of the electronic control systems, but cybersecurity is not typically the main design concern. In 2010, he led the team that reverse engineered stuxnet, the first malware designed to destroy physical assets. The creation of cyber physical systems posed new challenges for people. Control theoretic methods for cyberphysical security fabio pasqualetti, florian dor. The book explores how attacks using computers affect the physical world in ways. Cyber physical systems cpss are electronic control systems that control physical machines such as motors and valves in an industrial plant.

Attacks in industrial control systems include stuxnet and threats to smart grids. Such systems involve the use of multiple layers of interdependent systems which include cctv systems, communication systems. A cyberattack is any type of offensive maneuver that targets computer information systems, infrastructures, computer networks, or personal computer devices. Advances in information and communication technology book series ifipaict, volume 441.

Cyberphysical attacks on industrial control systems. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. How can we protect infrastructure from cyber attacks. Typically, the physical process is monitored or controlled by the cyber system, which is a networked system of several tiny devices with sensing, computing and communication often wireless capabilities. In computers and computer networks an attack is any attempt to expose, alter, disable, destroy, steal or gain unauthorized access to or make unauthorized use of an asset. Securing cyberphysical systems explores the cybersecurity needed for cps, with a. We present several runtime methods for preemptive intrusion detection in industrial control systems to enhance ics security against recon guration and network attacks. Why do attackers target industrial control systems. Understanding the physical damage of cyber attacks. Mina guirguis a cyber physical system cps is a one that features coordination between computational and physical components. Cyberphysical systems cps feature tight integration of computational nodes, communication networks, and physical environment that might include human users. Attribution gives critical infrastructure asset owners and operators legal recourse in the event of attacks and deters potential attacks. Securing physical processes against cyber attacks in cyber.

Securing physical processes against cyber attacks in cyber physical systems nishanth gaddam, g. Both of these things have been done, and both are attacks against cyber physical systems cps. A survey on concepts, applications, and challenges in cyber. Cps have to ful ll a number of strict requirements in terms of power and energy consumption, while providing realtime interaction with i. Hacking chemical plants for competition and extortion marina kroto. A cyberphysical system cps is a system in which a mechanism is controlled or monitored by computerbased algorithms. Hacking chemical plants for competition and extortion. The impact of cyber attacks on industries using ics depends on the targets nature of operation or the motivation of cybercriminals pursuing the attack. Mar 08, 2017 the world of cyberphysical systems and the rising risk of cyberkinetic attacks published on march 8, 2017 march 8, 2017 106 likes 3 comments. The integration of computation, communication, and control units has led to the birth and rapid development of a new generation of engineering systems, the cyber physical systems cps, which have been increasingly used in fields ranging from aerospace, automobile, industrial process control, to energy, healthcare, manufacturing and.

Analyzing cyberphysical attacks on networked industrial control systems bela genge, igor nai fovino, christos siaterlis and marcelo masera abstract considerable research has focused on securing scada systems and protocols, but an e. Attack detection and identification in cyberphysical systems. Cyberphysical attacks on industrial control systems request pdf. Cardenas, resilience of process control systems to cyber physical attacks, proceedings of the eighteenth nordic conference on secure it systems. Preemptive detection of cyber attacks in industrial control. Cyber physical system has been characterized by deep integration of computing and physical process. The increasing deployment of commodity it software in ics to achieve rapid scaling and easy implementation has increased their vulnerability to cyber attacks.